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epidural hematoma  a hematoma between the dura mater and the skull, usually caused by a heavy blow to the head that damages the upper surface of the dura mater; blood seeps into the surrounding tissue to form a hematoma that is tumorlike and presses inward against the brain. This type of hematoma is the result of rupture of a relatively large meningeal artery, with rapid leakage of blood that increases intracranial pressure, which can be fatal in a short period of time. Symptoms occur within a few hours after injury and may include sudden or gradual loss of consciousness, partial or full paralysis on the side opposite the injury, and dilation of the pupil of the eye on the same side as the injury.




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