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hypothesis (hi-poth´ә-sis)   a supposition that appears to explain a group of phenomena and is advanced as a bases for further investigation.
 

alternative hypothesis  the hypothesis that is formulated as an opposite to the null hypothesis in a statistical test.

Lyon hypothesis  in most of the cells in the bodies of mammals, all X chromosomes in excess of one are inactivated (in the form of sex chromatin) on a random basis at an early stage of embryonic life, leading to mosaicism for X-linked genes in the female, since the paternal X chromosome is inactivated in some cells and the maternal one in the remainder.

null hypothesis  the hypothesis that the effect, relationship, or other manifestation of variables and data under investigation does not exist; an example would be the hypothesis that there is no difference between experimental and control groups in a clinical trial.





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