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chronic renal failure
progressive loss of kidney function that may eventually progress to end-stage renal disease. It starts slowly, with diminishing kidney function but no accumulation of waste products in the blood. Later the glomerular filtration rate begins going down and the blood chemistry begins to show abnormalities. Eventually the patient develops uremia with very low kidney function, high levels of protein end products in the blood, and impairment of all body systems. The
most common causes of renal failure are infection, inflammation, urinary tract obstruction, and systemic diseases and toxicities
such as hypercalcemia, hypertension, disseminated lupus erythematosus, atheroma, and diabetes mellitus.

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