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nitrogen balance
the state of the body in regard to the rate of protein intake and protein utilization. When protein is metabolized, about 90 per cent of its nitrogen is excreted in the urine in
the form of urea, uric acid, creatinine, and other nitrogen end-products. The remaining 10 per cent of the nitrogen is eliminated in the feces. A negative nitrogen balance occurs when more protein is used by the body than is taken in; this may be caused by factors such as malnutrition, debilitating diseases, blood loss, or the presence of glucocorticoids. A positive nitrogen balance implies a net gain of protein in the body; this may be caused by exercise or the presence of growth hormone or testosterone.
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