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peritoneal dialysis (per″ĭ-to-ne�әl di-al�ĭ-sis) a type of hemodialysis in which the peritoneum surrounding the abdominal cavity is used as a dialyzing membrane for removal of waste products or toxins accumulated as a result of renal failure. Substances that can be removed in this way include crystalloids such as urea, creatinine, electrolytes, and drugs such as the salicylates, bromides, and barbiturates. Peritoneal dialysis has the advantage of being more quickly initiated than mechanical hemodialysis because a dialyzing machine is not necessary and there is no need for vascular access. Also, since chemical and fluid exchanges occur more slowly, there is less stress on internal organs. One drawback is the risk of peritonitis.

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) peritoneal dialysis involving the continuous presence of dialysis solution in the peritoneal cavity.

continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis(CCPD) a procedure similar to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis but taking place at night, using a machine to make several fluid exchanges automatically.

intermittent peritoneal dialysis(IPD) an older form of peritoneal dialysis in which dialysis solution is infused into the peritoneal cavity, allowed to equilibrate for 10 to 20 minutes, and then drained out.

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