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vancomycin (van″ko-miĀ“sin) an antibiotic produced by the actinomyceteAmycolatopsis orientalis, highly effective against gram-positive bacteria, especially against staphylococci; it is used as the hydrochloride salt. It is administered intravenously in the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections resistant to other antibiotics and is administered orally in the treatment of staphylococcal enterocolitis and antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis caused by Clostridium difficile. Toxic effects may be severe and include damage to the eighth cranial (vestibulocochlear) nerve and renal disorders.
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