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hemolytic anemia anemia caused by increased destruction of red blood cells; along with the usual symptoms of anemia, many patients have jaundice. Erythroblastosis fetalis is an often fatal type seen in infants who have Rh incompatibility with their mothers' blood. Other types result from mismatched blood transfusions; from industrial poisons or certain drugs; from mechanical obstructions in the circulatory system; and in the course of other diseases such as leukemia, Hodgkin disease, other types of cancer, acute alcoholism, and liver diseases.

autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA) hemolytic anemia caused by a disordered immune response in which the body produces autoantibodies against its own red blood cell antigens.

drug-induced hemolytic anemia , drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia a type of immune hemolytic anemia caused by drugs; there are various different mechanisms. In the penicillin type, the drug binds to the red cell membrane and induces formation of specific antibodies. In the methyldopa type, the drug, possibly by inhibition of suppressor T cells, induces formation of anti-Rh antibodies. In the “innocent bystander” type, circulating drug-antibody immune complexes bind nonspecifically to red blood cells. In the first two types, there is usually sequestration of red blood cells by the reticuloendothelial system. In the third type, there is usually hemolysis within the blood vessels.

immune hemolytic anemia any of various acquired types in which hemolysis is caused by isoantibodies or autoantibodies produced on exposure to drugs, toxins, or other antigens. See also autoimmune hemolytic anemia, drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia, and erythroblastosis fetalis.

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

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