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anaphylaxis (an″ә-fә-lak´sis) an unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to an unfamiliar protein or other substance. Substances most likely to cause this include certain drugs, vaccines, and antitoxins; diagnostic agents and contrast media; protein foods; venom from insect stings; pollen; molds; and animal dander. If the allergen comes into contact with cell-bound immunoglobulin E in the respiratory tract, there may be symptoms of asthma and hay fever. The sting or bite of an insect can cause swelling, redness, and itching, or a more severe systemic reaction. Local anaphylactic reactions may be only mildly irritating, but they should not be ignored because the reaction could escalate (see anaphylactic shock). active anaphylaxis
that produced by injection of a foreign protein. antiserum anaphylaxis
, passive anaphylaxis
that resulting from injection of serum of a sensitized person into a normal person. passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA)
localized anaphylaxis passively transferred by intradermal injection of an antibody and, after a latent period (about 24 to
72 hours), intravenous injection of the homologous antigen and Evans blue dye; blueing of the skin at the site of the intradermal
injection is evidence of the permeability reaction. Used in studies of antibodies causing immediate hypersensitivity reactions. reverse anaphylaxis
that following injection of antigen, succeeded by injection of antiserum.
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