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potassium(K)  (po-tas´e-әm)   a chemical element, atomic number 19, atomic weight 39.102. In combination with other minerals in the body, potassium forms alkaline salts that are important in body processes and play an essential role in maintenance of the acid-base balance and fluid balance in the body. All body cells, especially muscle tissue, require a high content of potassium. A proper balance between sodium, calcium, and potassium in the blood plasma is necessary for proper cardiac function. See also hyperkalemia and hypokalemia.




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