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rejection (re-jek´shәn)   after a graft or transplant, the immune response of the recipient to foreign tissue cells, with production of antibodies and eventually destruction of the transplanted organ.
 

acute rejection  , acute cellular rejection  , cellular rejection  the classic type of graft rejection, occurring 1 to 3 weeks after transplantation or after the stopping of immunosuppressant therapy. It results primarily from the cell-mediated immune response of the recipient against incompatible human leukocyte antigens and is characterized by extensive infiltration of the graft by mononuclear cells, primarily small lymphocytes, accompanied by edema and hemorrhaging.

chronic rejection  a gradual progressive loss of function of the transplanted organ occurring months or years after transplantation.

hyperacute rejection  rejection of a transplant immediately after the operation, resulting from the presence of preformed, circulating cytotoxic antibodies against antigens of the graft. Antigen-antibody complexes on vascular endothelium initiate an Arthus reaction (type III hypersensitivity); capillaries become blocked with thrombi consisting of fibrin and platelets; and adequate blood flow to the graft is never established.





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