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Salmonella (sal″mo-nel�ә) a genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae that move by means of hairlike flagella that cover the entire cell surface. The entire genus consists of only two species, S. bongori and S. enterica; only S. enterica affects humans.

Salmonella choleraesuis S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Choleraesuis.

Salmonella enterica the larger of the two species of Salmonella; it contains all of the members that infect humans. It is divided into six subspecies and can also be divided into groups called serogroups on the basis of the antigens that occur on the bacterial cell. Each serogroup contains a number of smaller groups called serovars; there are over 2400 of these. Six serogroups (A, B, C₁, C₂, D, and E) cause nearly all infections of warm-blooded animals. Salmonella enterica is widely distributed and causes enteric fevers (typhoid and paratyphoid), septicemia, and gastroenteritis. The full names of members of this species are long and complex and are often abbreviated, so that S. enterica subs. enterica serovar Typhi can become Salmonella serovar Typhi or Salmonella Typhisubs. enterica serovar Typhi can become Salmonella serovar Typhi or Salmonella Typhi.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica a widespread subspecies that causes a number of diseases, including paratyphoid fever, septicemia, and gastroenteritis.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Choleraesuis Salmonella Choleraesuis; a strain that causes hog cholera in pigs and paratyphoid fever, gastroenteritis, and septicemia in humans. Formerly called S. choleraesuis.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis Salmonella Enteritidis; a group B serovar that frequently causes enteritis. Formerly called S. enteritidis.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport Salmonella Newport; a group C serovar, one of the most common ones isolated in the United States; formerly called S. newport.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi A Salmonella Paratyphi A; a group A serovar that causes mild paratyphoid fever; formerly called S. paratyphi and S. paratyphi A.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B Salmonella Paratyphi B; a group B serovar, the most common cause of paratyphoid fever in northern parts of North America and Europe; formerly called S. paratyphi B.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi C Salmonella Paratyphi C; a group C serovar that is the most frequent cause paratyphoid fever in parts of Asia, Africa, and northeastern Europe. It also causes serious disease in northern South America. Formerly called S. paratyphi C.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Sendai Salmonella Sendai; a group D serovar found in Japan; it causes septicemia and typhoid fever.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi Salmonella Typhi; a group D serovar that is transmitted by water or food contaminated by human feces and causes typhoid fever. Formerly called S. typhi.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium Salmonella Typhimurium; a group B serovar normally found in rats and mice. It frequently causes food poisoning and paratyphoid fever in humans in North America and northern Europe. In immunocompromised persons it can cause recurrent fevers and diarrhea. Formerly called S. typhimurium.

Salmonella enteritidis S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis.

Salmonella newport S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport.

Salmonella paratyphi S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi A.

Salmonella paratyphi A S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi A.

Salmonella paratyphi B S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B.

Salmonella paratyphi C S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi C.

Salmonella typhi S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi.

Salmonella typhimurium S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium.

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