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genetic code the arrangement of consecutive nucleotide triplets (codons) in a nucleic acid that specifies the sequence of amino acids for synthesis of a protein. Genetic information is encoded in DNA by means of four bases: two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine). Each adjacent sequence of three bases (a codon) determines the addition of a specific amino acid to the polypeptide chain. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine.
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