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colostomy (kә-los´tә-me) an artificial opening (stoma) created in the large intestine and brought to the surface of the abdomen for evacuating the colon. It may be necessary in intestinal obstruction, perforation of the colon, cancer, birth defects, or occasionally ulcerative colitis. The changed patterns of discharge created by colostomy may be permanent or temporary, depending on the primary condition being treated. The most common types of colostomy are transverse, descending, and sigmoid, the name being derived from the site of the disorder and the location of the stoma.

dry colostomy colostomy performed in the left colon, the discharge from the stoma consisting of soft or formed fecal matter.

ileotransverse colostomy surgical anastomosis between the ileum and the transverse colon.

wet colostomy colostomy in (a) the right colon, the drainage from which is liquid, or (b) the left colon following anastomosis of the ureters to the sigmoid or descending colon so that urine is also expelled through the same stoma.

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